Linear Regression Analysis - Interpreting the Intercept in a Regression Model

The intercept (often labeled the constant) is the expected mean value of Y when all X=0.

Start with a regression equation with one predictor, X.

If X sometimes = 0, the intercept is simply the expected mean value of Y at that value.

Linear Regression Analysis - Interpreting the Intercept in a Regression Model

If X never = 0, then the intercept has no intrinsic meaning. In scientific research, the purpose of a regression model is to understand the relationship between predictors and the response.  If so, and if X never = 0, there is no interest in the intercept. It doesn't tell you anything about the relationship between X and Y.

You do need it to calculate predicted values, though.  In market research, there is usually more interest in prediction, so the intercept is more important here.

When X never =0 is one reason for centering X. If you rescale X so that the mean or some other meaningful value = 0 (just subtract a constant from X), now the intercept has a meaning. It's the mean value of Y at the chosen value of X.

If you have dummy variables in  your model, though, the intercept has more meaning.  Dummy coded variables have values of 0 for the reference group and 1 for the comparison group. Since the intercept is the expected mean value when X=0, it is the mean value only for the reference group (when all other X=0).

This is especially important to consider when the dummy coded predictor is included in an interaction term.  Say for example that X1 is a continuous variable centered at its mean.  X2 is a dummy coded predictor, and the model contains an interaction term for X1*X2.

The B value for the intercept is the mean value of X1 only for the reference group.  The mean value of X1 for the comparison group is the intercept plus the coefficient for X2.

Linear Regression Analysis - Interpreting the Intercept in a Regression Model
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And now I would like to invite you to learn more about interpreting regression coefficients, including centered predictors, interactions, and more, in one of my FREE monthly Analysis Factor Teleseminars: "Interpreting Linear Regression Coefficients: A Walk Through Output." Visit http://www.analysisfactor.com/learning/teletraining4.html to get started today.

© 2008 Karen Grace-Martin â€" Statistical Consultant and founder of The Analysis Factor

Karen Grace-Martin has helped social science researchers practice statistics for 9 years, as a statistical consultant at Cornell University and at The Analysis Factor. She knows the kinds of resources and support that researchers need to practice statistics confidently, accurately, and efficiently, no matter what their statistical background. To get answers, advice, and a list of resources to help you learn and apply appropriate statistics to your data, visit http://www.analysisfactor.com

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How to Spot Mental Abuse in Relationships and What to Do About It

Mental abuse is a bit trickier than verbal abuse. Mental abuse is a pattern of behavior or speech that makes you feel you are being played with, controlled, and intimidated. When you are the victim of mental abuse, you find yourself feeling more and more insecure, less and less vibrant, and more confused; you feel as if you need to ask your partner for permission to do things, buy things, go places. You may even feel that you need to ask permission in regard to your spiritual preferences.

Mental abuse occurs when you are told what to do and when to do it, when you are ordered around as if you were in a prison camp. Mental abuse often comes disguised. For example, the abuser may conveniently have amnesia and twist facts to suit his preferences. Even though you know what you are talking about, the abuser tells you that you are wrong. Or the abuser may say he will do such-and-such, never do it, and then say he doesn't remember telling you he would do the thing to begin with.

To put it in a nutshell, mental abuse has you scratching your head and wondering if you are losing your mind. You wonder if it's you, if maybe you're making a lot of mistakes and hearing things incorrectly.

How to Spot Mental Abuse in Relationships and What to Do About It

The truth is that when you feel this way, when you find that you consistently question your sanity, you are being mentally abused.

Control, manipulation, intimidation, convenient amnesia, harassment, threats, all of these are mental abuse. They threaten your peace of mind, your sanity. And one day you look at yourself and think you need psychotherapy. This is the effect of mental abuse. It causes insanity.

I was giving a tele-seminar one evening based on my book Stop Being the String Along: A Relationship Guide to Being THE ONE. One participant asked, "Isn't it okay to take just a little abuse? I mean, no one is perfect." To which I replied, "I am going to answer your question with a question. If you put your hand in a pot of boiling water, take your hand out so that it can heal, and then put just one finger back into the boiling water, is that okay? I mean, it's just one finger--not the whole hand."

No! It is not okay to tolerate abuse at all, any more than it is okay to put one finger into a pot of boiling water. Abuse hurts!

Abuse cannot be tolerated at all. You cannot make or accept excuses because with excuses, you allow the abuse to continue. You must leave the situation entirely. There is no other way.

Here's the second real-life situation. I had a client who felt there was a wall between her husband and her. There was no passion in bed; it was like living with a roommate. He would say unkind (read abusive) comments to her, but she felt this was not all that bad. They did not have open, honest, and genuine communication. They were just going through the motions in their marriage, which was only a shell of what they had had years earlier. Through our private sessions, my client came into her truth. She began to honor her needs and acknowledge how she felt when her husband spoke to her in a demeaning manner. After a number of weeks had passed, she began to feel her genuine worth, dignity, and self-love rise to the surface. As a result, she was ready to leave the marriage. Then her husband did a complete about-face. They shared their feelings from their hearts, they consciously re-created their relationship, the abusive comments ceased permanently, and their marriage was re-ignited into a conscious union of two people who dearly loved each other and were equally committed to making their love flourish.

Here is the catch. For an abusive pattern to change, you have to change. You have to take personal responsibility to never allow yourself to be spoken down to. It is you who has to create healthy boundaries to protect your self-esteem, and at the first sign of abuse you must make it clear that you will not tolerate it. If the relationship is new, the first sign of abuse needs to be the last sign; you should make skid marks as you take off in the opposite direction.

If the abuse is a pattern in a long-term relationship, you must disengage yourself from having contact with the abusive person.

Guess what will happen? Once your self-esteem has increased and you create your new boundaries, you will naturally attract people into your life who would never dream of degrading you in any way.

Now, I created this book to help you go through your own personal transformation. Will it be easy? No. It will not be easy. Personal transformation is one of the most difficult, scariest experiences a person can face. It is an experience that will cause you to feel shaken up until the inner transformation is made.

What is required? Being completely honest with yourself. This is the vital key to personal transformation. Remember: if I could do it, so can you.

Chapter excerpt © Copyright by Barbara Rose, Ph.D. All Rights Reserved from the book Know Yourself: A Woman's Guide to Wholeness, Radiance & Supreme Confidence. Published by The Rose Group (January 2005) ISBN: 0974145742

How to Spot Mental Abuse in Relationships and What to Do About It
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Barbara Rose, Ph.D. is the best selling author of nine books including If God Hears Me, I Want an Answer!, Stop Being the String Along: A Relationship Guide to Being THE ONE, and Know Yourself. She is an internationally recognized expert in personal transformation, relationships, consciousness and spiritual awakening, and a pioneering force in incorporating Higher Self Communication, the nondenominational study and integration of humanity's God Nature into modern personal growth and spiritual evolution. Dr. Rose is known for providing life changing answers, quick practical coaching and deep spiritual wisdom to people worldwide as the Founding Director Institute of Higher Self Communication. Her highly acclaimed books, public speaking events, spiritual intensives, teleseminars, webcasts, and internationally published articles have transformed the lives of thousands across the globe. Dr. Rose works in cooperation with some of the greatest spiritual leaders of our time, to uplift the spiritual consciousness of humanity. Web: BornToInspire.com

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How to Decide When It's the Right Time to Set Up a Teleseminar

When should you set up a teleseminar?

Teleseminars are a great learning content product. They can be sold as they are. They can be used to do your selling. They can be packaged and sold as CD or MP3 products. They are flexible. They are well received. And they are one of the easier products to create.

Cool. Every advice guru, learning content producer and information marketer should be creating teleseminars.

How to Decide When It's the Right Time to Set Up a Teleseminar

But when is the right time to set up a teleseminar?

And how do I decide?

First of all, let's clarify a few terms. Teleseminar refers to delivering learning content over a telephone conference call system. In today's world, that system could be a traditional telephone service, a digital service or a web collaboration service. The key thing that is important to understand is that there are three types of teleseminars. Sales teleseminars are arranged to sell another product. The second type is the true teleseminar. These are products in their own right. The third type is really a conference call. It's used to present coaching information.

Each of these types has a different answer.

One of the concepts that I am great proponent of is planning your product line before you start. You need to plan a full product line up front. Doing so will allow you to maximize your sales, create the content you need without overwork and have a real target to work towards.

As a product, teleseminars are a mid range value product typically (though not exclusively) selling around the range (plus or minus one or two steps). Depending on the strategy you select you would therefore need to have at least one teleseminar based product available within ten days of your product launch just slightly after your low cost product and well after your opt-in or free product.

Additional product teleseminars can be created as the need and opportunity is identified. During your planning you should probably schedule one every month or so. This will allow you to build up a catalog of mid-range products.

Sales teleseminars are usually used to promote high end products such as coaching. Why? Because you're giving away a great deal of value in the teleseminar. So during planning you should arrange the preparation of your first sales teleseminar to be part of the high end product launch.

However, sales teleseminars are part of your marketing effort. As such they tend to be driven by demand and the needs of your business. You also need to take into account your ability at any point in time to drive traffic to them.

Coaching seminars are a mix of pre-planned and spur of the moment. Your first coaching teleseminar should be preplanned. It needs to be available when the coaching program is launched. Subsequent teleseminars can be written during the period prior to them being needed. If your coaching is a micro-continuity style then you'll only need a set number of teleseminars. Once you've finished one cycle you only need to modify the teleseminar on an as needed basis. If your coaching is an open-ended style then you are going to need to prepare teleseminars for every call.

How to Decide When It's the Right Time to Set Up a Teleseminar
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Do you want to learn how to create information products (learning content)? Check out my new free eBook "7 Myths and Seven Tricks in Nine Steps": http://www.learningcreators.com/myths.htm

Do you want to read more free information like this? Go to my blog: http://www.learningcreators.com/blog/

Glen Ford is an accomplished consultant, trainer and writer. He has far too many years experience as a trainer and facilitator to willingly admit.

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Considering Daycare? Consider the Pros and Cons

When you're a parent it's a difficult decision to know whether to send your child to daycare or not. We have provided many of the pros and cons of sending your child to daycare for your consideration. In our opinion, nothing replaces the day-to-day interaction that you can provide with your child. We also believe that some interaction with other children either through occasional daycare, part-time, or through play-groups and other educational learning programs are invaluable. We also recognize that Mom or Dad also needs to have a break and occasional daycare can provide that for them. What we don't believe in is a baby or toddler being in someone else's care for eight hours or more a day everyday! That's not fair to your child. So with all that in mind, please consider the pros and cons listed below. And may you make the right decision for your children and yourself.

UPSIDE of Daycare:

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· Always more than one person available to watch, care for, supervise, and feed your child

Considering Daycare? Consider the Pros and Cons

· Interaction with other children

· Develop social skills at an early age

· Kid's days are pretty much scheduled, routine, and consistent

· Daycare centers don't call in sick

· Kids receive a lot of mental stimulation

· Your house stays neater (although my son can make a mess in minutes)

· The kids enjoy the change of scenery and toys

· Cost is less than for a nanny

· English-as-second-language kids have more exposure to English

DOWNSIDES of Daycare:

· Nighttime baths vs. possibly every other day

· Laying out their clothes

· Packing nutritious lunches vs. fast food snacks

· Morning rush to get out of the house on time

· Allow extra time to make the stop and drop-off

· Your child screaming, "Mommy don't go!!"

· The guilt and bad feelings because you're leaving them behind

· Less one-on-one attention from caregivers

· Potential personality conflicts at the center between parents and staff

· Potential personality conflicts between the children

· Ethics taught are the centers or the caregiver

· Values taught are the centers or the caregiver

· Possibly no ethics or values taught at all

· Political influences are those at the center/school

· Less bonding between parent and child

· Child learns early on that you won't be there for them when they need you

· You don't get to see and experience all the "firsts" that your child goes through

· You can NEVER recapture those things you miss

· When your child has a boo-boo you're not there to make it better

· When your child is excited about what she/he has learned, you're not there at the moment they want to share it with you

· When they're not feeling well you leave them to someone else to care for them

· When they're sick no one will baby them like you will

· More exposure to health issues: ringworm, lice, and colds/flues

· You're not there to kiss away their tears

· You're not there to waylay their fears

· You're not there to set their wild ideas back on track

· No opportunity to have a spontaneous day

· No time to do "nothing at all" together

· To experience the joy of holding and watching your child sleep for hours (hopefully)

· You're not there to teach them to climb a tree

· To explore the bugs and insects

· To plant a seed and watch it grow

· Playing "what do you see in the clouds"

· Less time to go to the beach, woods, hiking, swimming, biking, skating, etc.

· No time to just "play"

· To be your kid's playmate

· To experience getting to be a kid all over again with your child

· Seeing and experiencing life through the eyes of your child

· No time to make pancakes in the morning

· No time to bake real cookies

· Not there to put a band aid on the invisible oweee

· Not get to see your child's imagination develop

· Not get to see their personal development as much as you could

· Don't get to see them beaming with pride at their BIG accomplishments

· Infants and toddlers spending 6-8-10 hours a day away from Mom or Dad

· The cost of daycare is an added expense: financial and emotional

When you work, at the end of your day, you just won't have the energy, patience or the time to spend with your child in the manner you should or would like to. Your job becomes the first priority and the child the second. They get what's left over if there is anything left to get. How do you like it when you are second fiddle to someone you care about and love?

Parents say, "Oh, they don't mind. He likes the babysitter a lot. He'd rather I went to work." That may be true, but chances are he's never experienced having you at home full-time to know what that is like. There can't be a comparison! Children so love unconditionally, they will put up with even the worst of circumstances and still love their parents. Because children only want to be loved, cared for and valued themselves.

Ask yourself this question: "If you chose to continue working when you have a choice not to, why did you have the children if you didn't want to raise them yourself? I know some people truly don't have a choice. But many choose to continue working even though they could make do on one salary or move to an area where they could manage financially. Our society has become so accustomed to having two incomes; we no longer think we have a choice not to work. Imagine this, in one year; if you spent five dollars less per day you will save 25. That's one less cup of special coffee per day. If you spend ten dollars less per day, you will save 50 per year. How much do you spend per day on lunches in your family? A large delivered pizza can easily run close to . One fast food meal for a family of four could easily be close to or more. Where could you save money? The question is, are you willing to for the sake of your kids?

Add up all the possible costs of day care and compare to the costs and benefits of working. The most important cost of all to consider is that special time spent with your children. What is the cost to them? In a recent interview of Jane Fonda with 60 Minutes', Lesley Stahl, Fonda said, "I was not a good mother. And then, you end up paying for it later."

According to 60 Minutes, Jane created a school program to persuade teenage girls not to get pregnant, and to teach girls who are pregnant how to be better mothers. She created this program because of the mistakes she's made in her own life, and because of the mistakes her parents made raising her.

"If you don't have a parent or an adult, a teacher or a mentor ... really see you, really love you, 'Yes, there are things you do I don't like, but you're fantastic, you're good enough. I love you.' If that never happens to a child, the child assumes it's her fault and tries to compensate for it," says Fonda.

Don't make the mistakes you have experienced or you have seen others experience just because you don't look far enough ahead. Look at the bigger picture, look ahead ten years or so and imagine what life will be like with your children later on.

I say this, "If you don't have time for your children when they're young, they won't have time for you when you're old."

Considering Daycare? Consider the Pros and Cons

Copyright 2005 Eln Albert

Best known for her expertise in Interpersonal Communications, Eln Albert works with those that want to be at their best when influencing others. Eln is a Professional Speaker and Author.

For more information on how to be the best influencer as a parent or a boss go to http://www.ElnAlbert.com. Check out other articles by Ms. Albert and subscribe to get her free "The Magic of Influence" e-newsletter. In addition, she also offers free teleseminars and free team building exercises.

You have permission to publish these articles electronically or in print, free of charge, as long as the signature box is included.

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SPSS GLM - Choosing Fixed Factors and Covariates

The beauty of the Univariate GLM procedure in SPSS is that it is so flexible. You can use it to analyze regressions, ANOVAs, ANCOVAs with all sorts of interactions, dummy coding, etc.

The down side of this flexibility is it is often confusing what to put where and what it all means.

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So here's a quick breakdown.

SPSS GLM - Choosing Fixed Factors and Covariates

The dependent variable I hope is pretty straightforward. Put in your continuous dependent variable.

Fixed Factors are categorical independent variables. It does not matter if the variable is something you manipulated or something you are controlling for. If it's categorical, it goes in Fixed Factors.

Now, you can put a categorical variable into Covariates, as long as it's coded properly--dummy or effect coding are common. What you don't want to do though, is to put a variable coded 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 for the 6 categories into Covariates. SPSS will think those values are real numbers, and will fit a regression line.

There are a few things you should know about putting a categorical variable into Fixed Factors.

1. You don't have to create dummy variables for a regression or ANCOVA. SPSS does that for you by default.

2. The default is for SPSS to create interactions among all fixed factors. So if you have 5 fixed factors and don't want to test 5-way interactions that you'll never be able to interpret, you'll need to create a custom model by clicking Model and removing some of the interactions.

3. For any Fixed Factor, you can get marginal means (means adjusted for by other variables in the model) by clicking options. These are generally easier to interpret than the parameter estimates for categorical variables. Especially if you don't have any continuous predictors in your model, it is much easier to interpret means than parameter estimates.

4. You can also get paired comparison tests for any Fixed Factors by clicking Post Hocs. You can't get them for Covariates.

5. The default in SPSS is to dummy code any Fixed Factors for the Regression Parameter Estimates Table (which will only be output if you click Options-->Parameter Estimates).

Furthermore, the default is to make the reference category the one that comes last alphabetically. So if your categories (what you typed into the data) are Male and Female, Male will be the default reference. Remember higher numbers come later alphabetically, so if you had coded your categories 0 and 1, SPSS will make 1 the reference group! This can create a lot of confusion, so you can change the default by choosing Contrast and making the reference group First. If you want a category in the middle to be the reference group, your only choice is to recode the variable so that that category comes last alphabetically.

Most of the time, you won't use Random Factors. Rather than calculating means for each category, as is done with Fixed Factors, SPSS calculates only a single variance for Random Factors. So if you want to compare the means, use Fixed Factors. In fact, if you have Random Factors, you should generally be using the Mixed procedure, which uses better algorithms for estimating effects of Random Factors.

SPSS GLM - Choosing Fixed Factors and Covariates

Would you like to get in on our FREE monthly Analysis Factor Teleseminars? We cover topics that help researchers implement statistics with confidence. Visit http://www.analysisfactor.com/learning/teletraining.html to get started today.

© 2008 Karen Grace-Martin--Statistical Consultant and founder of The Analysis Factor

Karen Grace-Martin has helped social science researchers practice statistics for 9 years, as a statistical consultant at Cornell University and in her own business. She knows the kinds of resources and support that researchers need to practice statistics confidently, accurately, and efficiently, no matter what their statistical background. To answer your questions, receive advice, and view a list of resources to help you learn and apply appropriate statistics to your data, visit http://www.analysisfactor.com

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Top 10 Salon & Spa Promotions and Marketing Ideas

1. Networking and Connecting to gain the Leading Edge.

Getting out and making a name for yourself is important. It's not enough to place a sign out front and run an advertisement in the paper and wait for the phone to ring. You are more likely to get business from people who have made contact with you or know you. Participate in your community and join groups where you can network with people in your suburb or town, you'll be able to make connections, get the word out about your salon and spa and bring in some new clients. Get out, meet people and increase your business visibility.

Site Promotion

2. Stealth Marketing

Top 10 Salon & Spa Promotions and Marketing Ideas

Use Viral Marketing to build your brand awareness and enhance your marketing efforts. By using pre-existing social networks like Facebook, YouTube and Twitter you can get the word out and create buzz for your salon and spa. Stealth marketing can encompass social networks, text messages, blogs and blog posting all with the purpose of gaining visibility and increasing your marketing objectives.

3. Email Marketing

As a day Spa, Beauty or Hair Salon owner your client list is a precious asset. Consider the lifetime value of a client. How much does each of your clients spend on average per month, per year and over a lifetime? It costs anywhere from 5 to 8 times more to gain a new client as opposed to retaining your clients. Therefore, you need to place a strong emphasis on keeping existing clients. Keeping in touch with your clients to stay top of mind is important to gain repeat business. Email Marketing is a highly effective way to build and maintain relationships.

4. Praise from Happy clients

The marketing giants use celebrity endorsements (testimonials) to expose their products and give their products credibility and appeal. You too can get testimonials from your happy clients. Identify people who can influence your target market and get them to endorse your treatments and techniques. Get key leaders within your community to try your products and treatments for free and get their feedback in writing. Get their permission to use their feedback, comments and photos in your promotional material.Endorsements can come from friends, the most powerful endorsement is when friends and clients recommend your product or service to another friend. This is powerful word of mouth advertising and more believable than any other form of endorsement.

5. The Power of Free!

We all like getting a little bonus, a gift, a little something extra. Your clients do, too. The acronym "GWP" stands for "Gift with Purchase". As the name suggests, a GWP is an item that is given to your client when she spends above a specified amount on beauty treatments, hairdressing or skin care products. The Gift with purchase (free item) could be anything from cosmetics, skin care products, hair care products, salon voucher, product samples, etc. Free offers for example Buy 10, Get One free, Buy a Facial and Pedicure and Get a Free Manicure adds transactional value and enhances allure. Free introductory offers entice clients to trial a product.  Free offers help with the buying decision and increase sales. 

6. Referral Programs

Getting clients through referrals is one of the best ways to build your business. Have a referral incentive program in place to encourage clients to refer business to you. Having a specific referral program gets people thinking about who they can refer to you. A referral program encourages word of mouth advertising. Make it a habit to ask your clients for referrals. Tell them you would really appreciate it if they could recommend you to anyone who would be interested in a cut/colour/any service you provide." And of course tell them about your referral incentive program - let them know what's in for them. 

7. Effective Words that Sell

Copywritingis the use of words to promote your salon and spa. You know the saying, "It's not what you say, but how you say it. You can tell clients we cut hair, do facial and waxing. Or you can start defining your product or service in a whole new light. Literally turn the spot light on what you say.

Before: We sell xyz products

After: The Best Clinically Proven Anti-ageing Formulation for Fine Lines and Wrinkles.

Before: We do Facials

After: Our Facials will Rejuvenate your Skin, Leaving it Looking Radiantly Healthy and Feeling Absolutely Fabulous.

Every word in every single message, advert and presentation forms a perception, either good or bad. Choose your words wisely. Too many salon and spa owners study what the competition is doing and do and say the same. Make you words count, make them unique, succinct, persuasive, enticing, juicy and delicious.

8. A Niche Strategy to Focus your Marketing efforts

Don't try to be everything to everyone. Focus on your specific niche. Know what makes you different from your competitors. Analyse your competitor's strengths and weaknesses. Offer more value by differentiating your specific treatments and results. One of the biggest niche strategy advantages is the ability to quickly become a dominant player your specific area of expertise. There are salons that cater specifically for rejuvenation, slimming, tanning, hair design, waxing and massage. Niche marketing can be a focused strategy at a niche group such as pregnant women, teenagers, couples, men. A massage and relaxation niche may encompass Yoga, Shiatsu, Meditation and an array of Massage techniques such as deep tissue, Swedish, aromatherapy and Thai massage. Spas are increasingly offering unique services and products to differentiate themselves from the usual facials and body treatments. A new spa niche may be carved out with Asian healing practices and rituals.

9. Win them over and Build relationships

Treat each client like they are special. Listen sincerely to their concerns. Communicate with your clients, what are their interests, likes, dislikes. Educate your clients on the many benefits of your service and products. Have promotional tools such as educational Pamphlet/Flyer/Email/Booklet/Blog/eBook which includes interesting and useful information. Make sure your clients are pampered, comfortable and give them your full attention. Recognise that you serve clients, that client relationship is part of your job. Be helpful, friendly and courteous at all times.

10. Bold & Beautiful Business.

Who gets the attention? Attractive men and women, the loud mouth and the exceptional offer. Start attracting attention to your salon and spa. Have attractive staff with flawless skin, well groomed with full make-up. You think I'm joking, but its fact that good looking people attract more business. And as a salon and spa, you are in the health and beauty business, so your people need to look the part. Would you go to an overweight personal fitness trainer, or would you want the lean muscular trainer? Who gets the attention? The budget salon with posters on the wall or the salon with a gorgeous reception, water feature, glossy magazines, top notch furnishing and finishes. We know that packaging is everything; clients pay big money for professional skin care because the marketing messages tell us its special and the packaging supports the message. Is your salon and spa supporting your marketing message? Attractive people, places and objects are attractive because they literally attract attention and interest. Is your salon and spa attractive and attracting attention? Attractive refers to everything: your marketing messages, the way you answer the phone, answer questions, the way you present yourself, your advertising. It all needs to be bold, beautiful, attractive, and appealing to draw people in.

Top 10 Salon & Spa Promotions and Marketing Ideas

For more Free Salon & Spa Tips, Strategies and Ideas, go to http://www.salonprofit.net

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